2006 Volvo S40
midsize car / 4-door sedan
Moderate overlap front: original test
Rating applies to 2004-11 models built after February 2004
Tested vehicle: 2004 Volvo S40 2.4i 4-door
The Volvo S40 was redesigned during the 2004 model year (the new design entered production in January 2004 and the earlier design, which is classified as a small car, remained in production into February 2004). Note: information about when a specific vehicle was manufactured is on the certification label typically affixed to the car on or near the driver door. To assure that the S40 is the new design, look for vehicles manufactured in March 2004 or later.
The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety has evaluated the crashworthiness of the redesigned 2004 S40 in a 40 mph frontal offset crash test into a deformable barrier.
| Overall evaluation | |
|---|---|
| Structure and safety cage | |
| Driver injury measures | |
| Head/neck | |
| Chest | |
| Leg/foot, left | |
| Leg/foot, right | |
| Driver restraints and dummy kinematics |
Action shot taken during the frontal offset crash test.
The dummy's position in relation to the steering wheel and instrument panel after the crash test indicates that the driver's survival space was maintained very well.
Dummy movement was well controlled. During rebound, the dummy's head hit only the head restraint, as indicated by smeared greasepaint.
Intrusion into the driver's space was minimal, and all leg and foot injury measures were low.
Measures of occupant compartment intrusion on driver side
| Test ID | CEF0414 |
|---|---|
| Footwell intrusion | |
| Footrest (cm) | 5 |
| Left (cm) | 7 |
| Center (cm) | 7 |
| Right (cm) | 6 |
| Brake pedal (cm) | 6 |
| Instrument panel rearward movement | |
| Left (cm) | 2 |
| Right (cm) | 2 |
| Steering column movement | |
| Upward (cm) | -1 |
| Rearward (cm) | -2 |
| A-pillar rearward movement (cm) | 0 |
Driver injury measures
| Test ID | CEF0414 |
|---|---|
| Head | |
| HIC-15 | 151 |
| Peak gs at hard contact | no contact |
| Neck | |
| Tension (kN) | 1.0 |
| Extension bending moment (Nm) | 9 |
| Maximum Nij | 0.22 |
| Chest maximum compression (mm) | 38 |
| Legs | |
| Femur force - left (kN) | 0.2 |
| Femur force - right (kN) | 0.9 |
| Knee displacement - left (mm) | 1 |
| Knee displacement - right (mm) | 0 |
| Maximum tibia index - left | 0.34 |
| Maximum tibia index - right | 0.50 |
| Tibia axial force - left (kN) | 1.5 |
| Tibia axial force - right (kN) | 2.5 |
| Foot acceleration (g) | |
| Left | 44 |
| Right | 56 |
Side: original test
Rating applies to 2005-11 models
Tested vehicle: 2005 Volvo S40 2.4i 4-door with standard front and rear head curtain airbags and standard front seat-mounted torso airbags
The Volvo S40 was redesigned during the 2004 model year (the new design entered production in January 2004 and the earlier design remained in production into February 2004). Beginning with 2005 models, changes were made to the B-pillar trim to improve deployment reliability of the side curtain airbags.
| Overall evaluation | |
|---|---|
| Structure and safety cage | |
| Driver injury measures | |
| Head/neck | |
| Torso | |
| Pelvis/leg | |
| Driver head protection | |
| Rear passenger injury measures | |
| Head/neck | |
| Torso | |
| Pelvis/leg | |
| Rear passenger head protection | |
View of the vehicle and barrier just after the crash test.
View of the vehicle after the crash with doors removed, showing the side airbags and damage to the occupant compartment.
Action shot taken during the side impact crash test showing the driver dummy's head was protected from being hit by hard structures by the side airbags.
Smeared greasepaint shows where the rear passenger dummy's head was protected by the side airbag.
Measures of occupant compartment intrusion on driver side
| Test ID | CES0416 |
|---|---|
| B-pillar to longitudinal centerline of driver's seat (cm) | -11.5 |
| Negative numbers indicate the amount by which the crush stopped short of the seat centerline. | |
Driver injury measures
| Test ID | CES0416 |
|---|---|
| Head HIC-15 | 199 |
| Neck | |
| Tension (kN) | 1.2 |
| Compression (kN) | 0.4 |
| Shoulder | |
| Lateral deflection (mm) | 46 |
| Lateral force (kN) | 1.9 |
| Torso | |
| Maximum deflection (mm) | 51 |
| Average deflection (mm) | 48 |
| Maximum deflection rate (m/s) | 4.69 |
| Maximum viscous criterion (m/s) | 1.01 |
| Pelvis | |
| Iliac force (kN) | 1.2 |
| Acetabulum force (kN) | 2.4 |
| Combined force (kN) | 3.6 |
| Left femur | |
| L-M force (kN) | 0.3 |
| L-M moment (Nm) | 54 |
| A-P moment (Nm) | -23 |
Passenger injury measures
| Test ID | CES0416 |
|---|---|
| Head HIC-15 | 253 |
| Neck | |
| Tension (kN) | 0.3 |
| Compression (kN) | 0.5 |
| Shoulder | |
| Lateral deflection (mm) | 32 |
| Lateral force (kN) | 1.5 |
| Torso | |
| Maximum deflection (mm) | 34 |
| Average deflection (mm) | 30 |
| Maximum deflection rate (m/s) | 3.35 |
| Maximum viscous criterion (m/s) | 0.38 |
| Pelvis | |
| Iliac force (kN) | 0.3 |
| Acetabulum force (kN) | 2.2 |
| Combined force (kN) | 2.4 |
| Left femur | |
| L-M force (kN) | 0.4 |
| L-M moment (Nm) | 110 |
| A-P moment (Nm) | -41 |
Roof strength
Rating applies to 2004-11 models built after February 2004
Tested vehicle: 2009 Volvo S40 2.4i 4-door
| Overall evaluation | |
|---|---|
| Curb weight | 3,260 lbs |
| Peak force | 12,786 lbs |
| Strength-to-weight ratio | 3.92 |
Head restraints & seats
Seat type: All seats
| Overall evaluation | |
|---|---|
| Dynamic rating | |
| Seat/head restraint geometry |
| Seat type | All seats |
|---|---|
| Geometry | |
| Backset (mm) | 20 |
| Distance below top of head (mm) | 35 |
| Seat design parameters | |
| Pass/fail | Pass |
| Max T1 acceleration (g) | 8.3 |
| Head contact time (ms) | 84 |
| Force rating | 1 |
| Neck forces | |
| Max neck shear force (N) | 46 |
| Max neck tension (N) | 583 |
About the head restraint & seat test
Currently, IIHS tests apply only to front seats.