Top Safety Pick +

2022 Tesla Model Y

midsize luxury SUV / 4-door SUV

Fully electric

2022 Tesla Model Y 4-door SUV — 2021 Tesla Model Y shown

Crashworthiness

Rating overview
Evaluation criteria	Rating
Small overlap front: driver-side
Small overlap front: passenger-side
Moderate overlap front: original test
Moderate overlap front: updated test
Side: original test
Side: updated test
Roof strength
Head restraints & seats

Crash avoidance & mitigation

Evaluation criteria	Rating
Headlights (varies by trim/option)
Front crash prevention: vehicle-to-vehicle
Standard system	Superior
Front crash prevention: pedestrian (day)
Standard system	Superior
Front crash prevention: pedestrian (night)
Standard system	Superior

Seat belts & child restraints

Evaluation criteria	Rating
LATCH ease of use

Other available safety features

Standard blind spot detection
Standard lane departure warning & prevention

Key

G
Good
A
Acceptable
M
Marginal
P
Poor

Superior
Advanced
Basic

Some ratings use a scale of Poor to Good. Others range from Basic to Superior.

Small overlap front: driver-side

Rating applies to 2020-25 models

Tested vehicle: 2021 Tesla Model Y Long Range 4-door 4wd

The Tesla Model Y was introduced in the 2020 model year.

Evaluation criteria	Rating

Structure and safety cage
Driver injury measures
Head/neck
Chest
Hip/thigh
Lower leg/foot
Driver restraints and dummy kinematics

Action shot taken during the driver-side small overlap frontal crash test.

The dummy's position in relation to the door frame, steering wheel, and instrument panel after the crash test indicates that the driver's survival space was maintained very well.

The frontal and side curtain airbags worked well together to keep the head from coming close to any stiff structure or outside objects that could cause injury.

The driver's space was maintained well, and risk of injuries to the dummy's legs and feet was low.

Technical measurements for this test

Evaluation criteria	Measurement
Test ID	CEN2108
Lower occupant compartment
Lower hinge pillar max (cm)	1
Footrest (cm)	1
Left toepan (cm)	1
Brake pedal (cm)	1
Parking brake (cm)
Rocker panel lateral average (cm)	0
Upper occupant compartment
Steering column	0
Upper hinge pillar max (cm)	1
Upper dash (cm)	2
Lower instrument panel (cm)	1

Evaluation criteria	Measurement
Test ID	CEN2108
Head
HIC-15	22
Peak gs at hard contact	no contact
Neck
Tension (kN)	0.6
Extension bending moment (Nm)	9
Maximum Nij	0.14
Chest maximum compression (mm)	17
Femur (kN)
Left	0.2
Right	0.2
Knee displacement (mm)
Left	0
Right	0
Knee-thigh-hip injury risk (%)
Left	0
Right	0
Maximum tibia index
Left	0.47
Right	0.61
Tibia axial force (kN)
Left	0.7
Right	0.2
Foot acceleration (g)
Left	22
Right	20

About the small overlap front test

Small overlap front: passenger-side

Rating applies to 2020-25 models

Tested vehicle: 2021 Tesla Model Y Long Range 4-door 4wd

The Tesla Model Y was introduced in the 2020 model year. Passenger-side small overlap frontal ratings are assigned by the Institute based on a test of a 2021 Model Y conducted by Tesla.

Evaluation criteria	Rating
Overall evaluation
Structure and safety cage
Passenger injury measures
Head/neck
Chest
Hip/thigh
Lower leg/foot
Passenger restraints and dummy kinematics
Driver injury measures
Head/neck
Chest
Hip/thigh
Lower leg/foot
Driver restraints and dummy kinematics

Technical measurements for this test

Evaluation criteria	Measurement
Test ID	VTP2117
Lower occupant compartment
Lower hinge pillar max (cm)	4
Footrest (cm)	3
Right toepan (cm)	2
Center toepan (cm)	2
Rocker panel lateral average (cm)	0
Upper occupant compartment
Center dash (cm)	2
Upper hinge pillar max (cm)	2
Upper dash (cm)	2
Right lower dash (cm)	2

Evaluation criteria	Measurement
Test ID	VTP2117
Head
HIC-15	39
Peak gs at hard contact	no contact
Neck
Tension (kN)	0.9
Extension bending moment (Nm)	11
Maximum Nij	0.21
Chest maximum compression (mm)	15
Femur (kN)
Left	0.5
Right	0.9
Knee displacement (mm)
Left	0
Right	0
Knee-thigh-hip injury risk (%)
Left	0
Right	0
Maximum tibia index
Left	0.32
Right	0.49
Tibia axial force (kN)
Left	0.7
Right	0.7
Foot acceleration (g)
Left	20
Right	17

Evaluation criteria	Measurement
Test ID	VTP2117
Head
HIC-15	18
Peak gs at hard contact	no contact
Neck
Tension (kN)	0.7
Extension bending moment (Nm)	8
Maximum Nij	0.14
Chest maximum compression (mm)	17
Femur (kN)
Left	0.3
Right	0.2
Knee displacement (mm)
Left	0
Right	0
Knee-thigh-hip injury risk (%)
Left	0
Right	0
Maximum tibia index
Left	0.49
Right	0.27
Tibia axial force (kN)
Left	0.3
Right	0.1
Foot acceleration (g)
Left	23
Right	30

About the small overlap front test

Moderate overlap front: original test

Rating applies to 2020-23 models

Tested vehicle: 2021 Tesla Model Y Long Range 4-door 4wd

The Tesla Model Y was introduced in the 2020 model year.

Evaluation criteria	Rating
Overall evaluation
Structure and safety cage
Driver injury measures
Head/neck
Chest
Leg/foot, left
Leg/foot, right
Driver restraints and dummy kinematics

Action shot taken during the moderate overlap frontal crash test.

The dummy's position in relation to the steering wheel and instrument panel after the crash test indicates that the driver's survival space was maintained very well.

Smeared greasepaint indicates where the dummy's head contacted the side curtain airbag during rebound.

Intrusion into the driver's space was minimal, and all leg and foot injury measures were low.

Technical measurements for this test

Evaluation criteria	Measurement
Test ID	CEF2119
Footwell intrusion
Footrest (cm)	1
Left (cm)	2
Center (cm)	3
Right (cm)	2
Brake pedal (cm)	2
Instrument panel rearward movement
Left (cm)	1
Right (cm)	0
Steering column movement
Upward (cm)	-2
Rearward (cm)	-6
A-pillar rearward movement (cm)	0

Evaluation criteria	Measurement
Test ID	CEF2119
Head
HIC-15	107
Peak gs at hard contact	no contact
Neck
Tension (kN)	0.7
Extension bending moment (Nm)	8
Maximum Nij	0.17
Chest maximum compression (mm)	18
Legs
Femur force - left (kN)	0.2
Femur force - right (kN)	0.6
Knee displacement - left (mm)	0
Knee displacement - right (mm)	0
Maximum tibia index - left	0.16
Maximum tibia index - right	0.22
Tibia axial force - left (kN)	1.2
Tibia axial force - right (kN)	1.1
Foot acceleration (g)
Left	47
Right	44

About the original moderate overlap front test

Moderate overlap front: updated test

Rating applies to 2022-25 models

Tested vehicle: 2022 Tesla Model Y Long Range 4-door 4wd

The Tesla Model Y was introduced in the 2020 model year.

Evaluation criteria	Rating
Overall evaluation
Structure and safety cage
Driver injury measures
Head/neck
Chest
Thigh/hip
Leg/foot
Driver restraints and dummy kinematics
Rear passenger injury measures
Head/neck
Chest
Thigh
Rear passenger restraints and dummy kinematics

View of the vehicle after the crash showing the airbags and damage to the occupant compartment.

The rear passenger dummy's head approached the front seatback, which increases the risk of head injuries.

Rear passenger dummy injury values indicate a low risk of injury to the head or neck and chest. During the crash, the shoulder belt remained in an ideal position on the dummy’s chest.

The rear passenger dummy's lap belt remained in the ideal position on the pelvis.

Technical measurements for this test

Evaluation criteria	Measurement
Test ID	CEF2230
Footwell intrusion
Footrest (cm)	2
Left (cm)	3
Center (cm)	4
Right (cm)	2
Brake pedal (cm)	6
Instrument panel rearward movement
Left (cm)	2
Right (cm)	1
Steering column movement
Upward (cm)	0
Rearward (cm)	-2
A-pillar rearward movement (cm)	0

Evaluation criteria	Measurement
Test ID	CEF2230
Head
HIC-15	84
Peak gs at hard contact	no contact
Neck
Tension (kN)	0.7
Extension bending moment (Nm)	9
Maximum Nij	0.13
Chest maximum compression (mm)	22
Femur (kN)
Left	0.3
Right	0.0
Knee displacement (mm)
Left	0
Right	0
Knee-thigh-hip injury risk (%)
Left	0
Right	0
Maximum tibia index
Left	0.12
Right	0.20
Tibia axial force (kN)
Left	1.2
Right	1.3
Foot acceleration (g)
Left	34
Right	57

Test ID	CEF2230
Head
HIC-15 for head contact during forward excursion	no contact
Peak gs at hard contact	no contact
Neck
Tension (kN)	1.2
Compression (kN)	0.2
Maximum Nij for head contact during forward excursion	no contact
Chest
Chest index	22
Shoulder belt tension (kN)	3.5
Thigh (kN)
Left femur compression	0.1
Right femur compression	0.2

About the moderate overlap front test

February 2024 adjustment to rating criteria

Side: original test

Rating applies to 2020-23 models

Tested vehicle: 2021 Tesla Model Y Long Range 4-door 4wd

The Tesla Model Y was introduced in the 2020 model year.

Evaluation criteria	Rating
Overall evaluation
Structure and safety cage
Driver injury measures
Head/neck
Torso
Pelvis/leg
Driver head protection
Rear passenger injury measures
Head/neck
Torso
Pelvis/leg
Rear passenger head protection

View of the vehicle just after the crash test.

View of the vehicle after the crash with doors removed, showing the side airbags and damage to the occupant compartment.

Smeared greasepaint shows where the driver dummy's head was protected from being hit by hard structures by the side airbags.

Smeared greasepaint shows where the rear passenger dummy’s head was protected by the side airbag.

Technical measurements for this test

Test ID	CES2112
B-pillar to longitudinal centerline of driver's seat (cm)	-27.5
Negative numbers indicate the amount by which the crush stopped short of the seat centerline.

Evaluation criteria	Measurement
Test ID	CES2112
Head HIC-15	120
Neck
Tension (kN)	0.9
Compression (kN)	0.4
Shoulder
Lateral deflection (mm)	30
Lateral force (kN)	0.9
Torso
Maximum deflection (mm)	36
Average deflection (mm)	31
Maximum deflection rate (m/s)	3.91
Maximum viscous criterion (m/s)	0.52
Pelvis
Iliac force (kN)	0.7
Acetabulum force (kN)	1.0
Combined force (kN)	1.7
Left femur
L-M force (kN)	0.3
L-M moment (Nm)	46
A-P moment (Nm)	-26

Evaluation criteria	Measurement
Test ID	CES2112
Head HIC-15	146
Neck
Tension (kN)	0.6
Compression (kN)	0.3
Shoulder
Lateral deflection (mm)	17
Lateral force (kN)	1.1
Torso
Maximum deflection (mm)	24
Average deflection (mm)	15
Maximum deflection rate (m/s)	2.48
Maximum viscous criterion (m/s)	0.25
Pelvis
Iliac force (kN)	0.9
Acetabulum force (kN)	1.3
Combined force (kN)	2.1
Left femur
L-M force (kN)	0.3
L-M moment (Nm)	32
A-P moment (Nm)	-47

About the original side crash test

Side: updated test

Rating applies to 2022-25 models

Tested vehicle: 2022 Tesla Model Y Long Range 4-door 4wd

The Tesla Model Y was introduced in the 2020 model year.

Evaluation criteria	Rating
Overall evaluation
Structure and safety cage
Driver injury measures
Head/neck
Torso
Pelvis
Driver head protection
Rear passenger injury measures
Head/neck
Torso
Pelvis
Rear passenger head protection

View of the vehicle just after the crash test.

View of the vehicle after the crash with doors removed, showing the side airbags and damage to the occupant compartment.

Smeared greasepaint shows where the driver dummy's head was protected from being hit by hard structures by the side airbags.

Smeared greasepaint shows where the rear passenger dummy’s head was protected by the side airbag.

Technical measurements for this test

Evaluation criteria	Measurement
Test ID	CES2243
B-pillar to longitudinal centerline of driver's seat (cm)	-30.0
Negative numbers indicate the amount by which the crush stopped short of the seat centerline.

Evaluation criteria	Measurement
Test ID	CES2243
Head
HIC-15	154
Peak gs at hard contact	no contact
Neck
Tension (kN)	0.7
Compression (kN)	0.4
Shoulder
Lateral deflection (mm)	24
Lateral force (kN)	0.7
Torso
Maximum deflection (mm)	23
Average deflection (mm)	22
Maximum deflection rate (m/s)	3.40
Maximum viscous criterion (m/s)	0.31
Pelvis
Combined force (kN)	2.6

Evaluation criteria	Measurement
Test ID	CES2243
Head
HIC-15	212
Peak gs at hard contact	no contact
Neck
Tension (kN)	0.6
Compression (kN)	0.5
Shoulder
Lateral deflection (mm)	25
Lateral force (kN)	1.3
Torso
Maximum deflection (mm)	21
Average deflection (mm)	15
Maximum deflection rate (m/s)	3.10
Maximum viscous criterion (m/s)	0.31
Pelvis
Combined force (kN)	1.9

About the side crash test

Roof strength

Rating applies to 2020-23 models

Tested vehicle: 2021 Tesla Model Y Long Range 4-door 4wd

Overall evaluation
Curb weight	4,342 lbs
Peak force	19,188 lbs
Strength-to-weight ratio	4.42

About the roof strength test

Head restraints & seats

Seat type: Power leather seat

Overall evaluation
Dynamic rating
Seat/head restraint geometry

Technical measurements for this test

Seat type	Power leather seat
Geometry
Backset (mm)	25
Distance below top of head (mm)	-8
Seat design parameters
Pass/fail	Pass
Max T1 acceleration (g)	13.1
Head contact time (ms)	56
Force rating	1
Neck forces
Max neck shear force (N)	0
Max neck tension (N)	179

About the head restraint & seat test
Currently, IIHS tests apply only to front seats.

Headlights

Ratings are given for 2 different headlight variations available on this vehicle.

Trim level(s)

Performance trim

Evaluation criteria	Rating
Low-beam headlight type	LED projector
High-beam headlight type	LED projector
Curve-adaptive?	No
High-beam assist?	Yes
Overall rating
Distance at which headlights provide at least 5 lux illumination:

Low beams
On the straightaway, visibility was good on both sides of the road. On curves, visibility was good in all 4 tests.

The low beams never exceeded glare limits.

High beams
On the straightaway, visibility was good on both sides of the road. On curves, visibility was good on the gradual left and gradual right curves and fair on the sharp right and sharp left curves.

High-beam assist compensates for some limitations of this vehicle's low beams on the straightaway and on the sharp left curve.

Technical measurements for this test

Evaluation criteria	Measurement
Trim level(s)	Performance trim
Low-beam headlight type	LED projector
High-beam headlight type	LED projector
Curve-adaptive?	No
High-beam assist?	Yes
Overall rating Applies to 2021-25 models

LOW BEAMS	Average minimum useful illumination distance (5 lux)	Amount glare exceeded threshold
Straightaway right edge	97.2 m	None
Straightaway left edge	73.9 m	None
250m radius right curve, right edge	89.2 m	None
250m radius left curve, left edge	70.5 m	None
150m radius right curve, right edge	71.4 m	None
150m radius left curve, left edge	55.6 m	None

HIGH BEAMS	Average minimum useful illumination distance (5 lux)
Straightaway right edge	167.0 m
Straightaway left edge	155.8 m
250m radius right curve, right edge	88.2 m
250m radius left curve, left edge	80.6 m
150m radius right curve, right edge	64.8 m
150m radius left curve, left edge	61.1 m

Trim level(s)

Long Range trim

Evaluation criteria	Rating
Low-beam headlight type	LED reflector
High-beam headlight type	LED reflector
Curve-adaptive?	No
High-beam assist?	Yes
Overall rating
Distance at which headlights provide at least 5 lux illumination:

Low beams
On the straightaway, visibility was good on both sides of the road. On curves, visibility was fair on the sharp left and both right curves and inadequate on the gradual left curve.

The low beams created some glare.

High beams
On the straightaway, visibility was good on both sides of the road. On curves, visibility was good on the gradual right and gradual left curves and fair on the sharp right and sharp left curves.

High-beam assist compensates for some limitations of this vehicle's low beams on the straightaway, on both left curves and on both right curves.

Technical measurements for this test

Evaluation criteria	Measurement
Trim level(s)	Long Range trim
Low-beam headlight type	LED reflector
High-beam headlight type	LED reflector
Curve-adaptive?	No
High-beam assist?	Yes
Overall rating Applies to 2021-23 models

LOW BEAMS	Average minimum useful illumination distance (5 lux)	Amount glare exceeded threshold
Straightaway right edge	94.4 m	15.8%
Straightaway left edge	60.0 m	15.8%
250m radius right curve, right edge	62.3 m	None
250m radius left curve, left edge	52.5 m	None
150m radius right curve, right edge	54.1 m	None
150m radius left curve, left edge	45.1 m	None

HIGH BEAMS	Average minimum useful illumination distance (5 lux)
Straightaway right edge	176.7 m
Straightaway left edge	155.7 m
250m radius right curve, right edge	80.0 m
250m radius left curve, left edge	77.7 m
150m radius right curve, right edge	62.7 m
150m radius left curve, left edge	59.4 m

About the headlight evaluation

Front crash prevention: vehicle-to-vehicle

System details

Standard Automatic Emergency Braking

Overall evaluation

Applies to 2022-23 models

Superior

This system meets the requirements for forward collision warning.
In the 12 mph test, this vehicle avoided a collision.
In the 25 mph test, this vehicle avoided a collision.

About the original front crash prevention test

Front crash prevention: pedestrian (day)

System details

standard Automatic Emergency Braking

Overall evaluation

This rating applies to all 2022-23 models

Superior

Crossing child

In the 12 mph test, this vehicle avoided a collision.
In the 25 mph test, this vehicle avoided a collision.

Crossing adult

In the 12 mph test, this vehicle avoided a collision.
In the 25 mph test, this vehicle avoided a collision.

Parallel adult

In the 25 mph test, this vehicle avoided a collision.
In the 37 mph test, this vehicle avoided a collision. A warning was issued 2.9 seconds before impact.

About the pedestrian front crash prevention test

Front crash prevention: pedestrian (night)

Night

System details

standard Automatic Emergency Braking

Overall evaluation

Includes high-beam assist credit

This rating applies to 2022-23 models of the following trim lines: Long Range trim

Superior

Crossing adult

In the 12 mph test, this vehicle avoided a collision when using its high beams. When using its low beams, this vehicle avoided a collision.
In the 25 mph test, this vehicle avoided a collision when using its high beams. When using its low beams, this vehicle avoided a collision.

Parallel adult

In the 25 mph test, this vehicle avoided a collision when using its high beams. When using its low beams, this vehicle avoided a collision.
In the 37 mph test, this vehicle avoided a collision when using its high beams and a warning was issued 1.7 seconds before impact. When using its low beams, this vehicle avoided a collision and a warning was issued 1.2 seconds before impact.

About pedestrian front crash prevention test

Child seat anchors

Rating applies to 2020-25 models

Evaluation criteria	Rating
Overall evaluation
Vehicle trim
Seat type	leather

This vehicle has 2 rear seating positions with complete child seat attachment (LATCH) hardware.

It has 1 additional seating position with a tether anchor only.

Evaluation criteria	Rating
Overall evaluation
Vehicle trim
Seat type	leather

Rating icon	Rating
G	Good
A	Acceptable
M	Marginal
P	Poor
	Seating positions that rely on borrowed lower anchors or have only a tether anchor available are not rated.
thether anchor symbol	Tether anchor
lower anchor symbol	Lower anchors
shared lower achors symbol	Lower anchor(s) can be borrowed from adjacent positions(s)
	No hardware available

Details by seating position

Position	Rating
1
1	Tether anchor
	easy-to-find location
	no other hardware could be confused for anchor
	Lower anchors
	too deep in seat
	not too much force needed to attach
	easy to maneuver around anchors
2
2	Tether anchor
	easy-to-find location
	no other hardware could be confused for anchor
	Lower anchors
	none available
3
3	Tether anchor
	easy-to-find location
	no other hardware could be confused for anchor
	Lower anchors
	too deep in seat
	not too much force needed to attach
	easy to maneuver around anchors

Technical measurements for this test

Lower anchor A
Open access rated	No
Depth (cm)	2-4
Force (lbs)	12
Clearance angle (degrees)	69
Lower anchor B
Open access rated	No
Depth (cm)	2-4
Force (lbs)	17
Clearance angle (degrees)	66
Tether anchor
Location	Middle seatback
Confusing hardware present	No
Has contrasting label within 3 inches of tether anchor	No
Tether anchors can be accessed while seatback is properly positioned for use of LATCH	Not measured

Lower anchor A
No lower latch for this seat position
Lower anchor B
No lower latch for this seat position
Tether anchor
Location	Middle seatback
Confusing hardware present	No
Has contrasting label within 3 inches of tether anchor	No
Tether anchors can be accessed while seatback is properly positioned for use of LATCH	Not measured

Lower anchor A
Open access rated	No
Depth (cm)	2-4
Force (lbs)	14
Clearance angle (degrees)	66
Lower anchor B
Open access rated	No
Depth (cm)	2-4
Force (lbs)	11
Clearance angle (degrees)	73
Tether anchor
Location	Middle seatback
Confusing hardware present	No
Has contrasting label within 3 inches of tether anchor	No
Tether anchors can be accessed while seatback is properly positioned for use of LATCH	Not measured

About the child seat anchor evaluation