2023 Volvo XC40
small SUV / 4-door SUV
Small overlap front: driver-side
Rating applies to 2019-24 models
Tested vehicle: 2019 Volvo XC40 T5 Momentum 4-door 4wd
The Volvo XC40 was introduced in the 2019 model year.
| Overall evaluation | |
|---|---|
| Structure and safety cage | |
| Driver injury measures | |
| Head/neck | |
| Chest | |
| Hip/thigh | |
| Lower leg/foot | |
| Driver restraints and dummy kinematics |
Action shot taken during the driver-side small overlap frontal crash test.
The dummy's position in relation to the door frame, steering wheel, and instrument panel after the crash test indicates that the driver's survival space was maintained very well.
The frontal and side curtain airbags worked well together to keep the head from coming close to any stiff structure or outside objects that could cause injury.
The driver's space was maintained well, and risk of injuries to the dummy's legs and feet was low.
Measures of occupant compartment intrusion on driver side
| Test ID | CEN1810 |
|---|---|
| Lower occupant compartment | |
| Lower hinge pillar max (cm) | 4 |
| Footrest (cm) | 2 |
| Left toepan (cm) | 1 |
| Brake pedal (cm) | 4 |
| Parking brake (cm) | |
| Rocker panel lateral average (cm) | 1 |
| Upper occupant compartment | |
| Steering column | 0 |
| Upper hinge pillar max (cm) | 3 |
| Upper dash (cm) | 3 |
| Lower instrument panel (cm) | 2 |
Driver injury measures
| Test ID | CEN1810 |
|---|---|
| Head | |
| HIC-15 | 100 |
| Peak gs at hard contact | no contact |
| Neck | |
| Tension (kN) | 1.0 |
| Extension bending moment (Nm) | 16 |
| Maximum Nij | 0.23 |
| Chest maximum compression (mm) | 16 |
| Femur (kN) | |
| Left | 0.9 |
| Right | 0.7 |
| Knee displacement (mm) | |
| Left | 0 |
| Right | 1 |
| Knee-thigh-hip injury risk (%) | |
| Left | 0 |
| Right | 0 |
| Maximum tibia index | |
| Left | 0.60 |
| Right | 0.43 |
| Tibia axial force (kN) | |
| Left | 2.6 |
| Right | 1.4 |
| Foot acceleration (g) | |
| Left | 55 |
| Right | 43 |
Small overlap front: passenger-side
Rating applies to 2019-24 models
Tested vehicle: 2019 Volvo XC40 T5 4-door 4wd
The Volvo XC40 was introduced in the 2019 model. Passenger-side small overlap frontal ratings are assigned by the Institute based on a test conducted by Volvo.
| Overall evaluation | |
|---|---|
| Structure and safety cage | |
| Passenger injury measures | |
| Head/neck | |
| Chest | |
| Hip/thigh | |
| Lower leg/foot | |
| Passenger restraints and dummy kinematics | |
| Driver injury measures | |
| Head/neck | |
| Chest | |
| Hip/thigh | |
| Lower leg/foot | |
| Driver restraints and dummy kinematics |
Measures of occupant compartment intrusion on passenger side
| Test ID | VTP1901 |
|---|---|
| Lower occupant compartment | |
| Lower hinge pillar max (cm) | 16 |
| Footrest (cm) | 9 |
| Right toepan (cm) | 4 |
| Center toepan (cm) | 3 |
| Rocker panel lateral average (cm) | 8 |
| Upper occupant compartment | |
| Center dash (cm) | 3 |
| Upper hinge pillar max (cm) | 7 |
| Upper dash (cm) | 4 |
| Right lower dash (cm) | 4 |
Passenger injury measures
| Test ID | VTP1901 |
|---|---|
| Head | |
| HIC-15 | 136 |
| Peak gs at hard contact | no contact |
| Neck | |
| Tension (kN) | 0.7 |
| Extension bending moment (Nm) | 9 |
| Maximum Nij | 0.15 |
| Chest maximum compression (mm) | 24 |
| Femur (kN) | |
| Left | 2.0 |
| Right | 6.6 |
| Knee displacement (mm) | |
| Left | 0 |
| Right | 1 |
| Knee-thigh-hip injury risk (%) | |
| Left | 0 |
| Right | 6 |
| Maximum tibia index | |
| Left | 0.33 |
| Right | 0.52 |
| Tibia axial force (kN) | |
| Left | 1.0 |
| Right | 1.4 |
| Foot acceleration (g) | |
| Left | 27 |
| Right | 43 |
Driver injury measures
| Test ID | VTP1901 |
|---|---|
| Head | |
| HIC-15 | 98 |
| Peak gs at hard contact | no contact |
| Neck | |
| Tension (kN) | 1.1 |
| Extension bending moment (Nm) | 5 |
| Maximum Nij | 0.20 |
| Chest maximum compression (mm) | 27 |
| Femur (kN) | |
| Left | 0.4 |
| Right | 0.2 |
| Knee displacement (mm) | |
| Left | 1 |
| Right | 1 |
| Knee-thigh-hip injury risk (%) | |
| Left | 0 |
| Right | 0 |
| Maximum tibia index | |
| Left | 0.33 |
| Right | 0.19 |
| Tibia axial force (kN) | |
| Left | 0.4 |
| Right | 0.3 |
| Foot acceleration (g) | |
| Left | 30 |
| Right | 51 |
Moderate overlap front: original test
Rating applies to 2019-23 models
Tested vehicle: 2019 Volvo XC40 T5 Momentum 4-door 4wd
The Volvo XC40 was introduced in the 2019 model year. Two moderate overlap frontal tests of the XC40 were conducted, one by the Institute and the other by Volvo. Ratings are based on both tests, but the vehicle specifications shown below are based on the Institute’s test.
| Overall evaluation | |
|---|---|
| Structure and safety cage | |
| Driver injury measures | |
| Head/neck | |
| Chest | |
| Leg/foot, left | |
| Leg/foot, right | |
| Driver restraints and dummy kinematics |
Action shot taken during the Institute's moderate overlap frontal crash test.
The dummy's position in relation to the steering wheel and instrument panel after the crash test indicates that the driver's survival space was maintained very well (Institute test car shown).
Smeared greasepaint indicates where the dummy's head contacted the side curtain airbag during rebound in the Institute's test.
Intrusion into the driver's space was minimal in both tests, and all leg and foot injury measures were low.
Measures of occupant compartment intrusion on driver side
| Test ID | CEF1901 | VTF1902 |
|---|---|---|
| Footwell intrusion | ||
| Footrest (cm) | 4 | 5 |
| Left (cm) | 6 | 7 |
| Center (cm) | 3 | 4 |
| Right (cm) | 4 | 4 |
| Brake pedal (cm) | 4 | 3 |
| Instrument panel rearward movement | ||
| Left (cm) | 0 | 0 |
| Right (cm) | 0 | -1 |
| Steering column movement | ||
| Upward (cm) | 1 | -1 |
| Rearward (cm) | -1 | 0 |
| A-pillar rearward movement (cm) | 0 | 0 |
Driver injury measures
| Test ID | CEF1901 | VTF1902 |
|---|---|---|
| Head | ||
| HIC-15 | 275 | 261 |
| Peak gs at hard contact | no contact | no contact |
| Neck | ||
| Tension (kN) | 1.1 | 1.3 |
| Extension bending moment (Nm) | 7 | 8 |
| Maximum Nij | 0.21 | 0.26 |
| Chest maximum compression (mm) | 22 | 27 |
| Legs | ||
| Femur force - left (kN) | 0.6 | 0.9 |
| Femur force - right (kN) | 0.4 | 0.6 |
| Knee displacement - left (mm) | 1 | 1 |
| Knee displacement - right (mm) | 1 | 0 |
| Maximum tibia index - left | 0.21 | 0.27 |
| Maximum tibia index - right | 0.26 | 0.47 |
| Tibia axial force - left (kN) | 1.4 | 1.7 |
| Tibia axial force - right (kN) | 1.6 | 2.4 |
| Foot acceleration (g) | ||
| Left | 50 | 49 |
| Right | 42 | 54 |
Moderate overlap front: updated test
Rating applies to 2021-24 models
Tested vehicle: 2021 Volvo XC40 T5 Momentum 4-door 4wd
The Volvo XC40 was introduced in the 2019 model year.
| Overall evaluation | |
|---|---|
| Structure and safety cage | |
| Driver injury measures | |
| Head/neck | |
| Chest | |
| Thigh/hip | |
| Leg/foot | |
| Driver restraints and dummy kinematics | |
| Rear passenger injury measures | |
| Head/neck | |
| Chest | |
| Thigh | |
| Rear passenger restraints and dummy kinematics | |
View of the vehicle after the crash showing the airbags and damage to the occupant compartment.
The rear passenger dummy's head remained a safe distance from the front seatback.
Rear passenger dummy injury values indicate a low risk of injury to the head or neck and chest. During the crash, the shoulder belt remained in an ideal position on the dummy’s chest.
The rear passenger dummy's lap belt remained in the ideal position on the pelvis.
Measures of occupant compartment intrusion on driver side
| Test ID | CEF2108 |
|---|---|
| Footwell intrusion | |
| Footrest (cm) | 4 |
| Left (cm) | 6 |
| Center (cm) | 3 |
| Right (cm) | 2 |
| Brake pedal (cm) | 4 |
| Instrument panel rearward movement | |
| Left (cm) | 0 |
| Right (cm) | 0 |
| Steering column movement | |
| Upward (cm) | 1 |
| Rearward (cm) | -2 |
| A-pillar rearward movement (cm) | 0 |
Driver injury measures
| Test ID | CEF2108 |
|---|---|
| Head | |
| HIC-15 | 244 |
| Peak gs at hard contact | no contact |
| Neck | |
| Tension (kN) | 1.2 |
| Extension bending moment (Nm) | 14 |
| Maximum Nij | 0.25 |
| Chest maximum compression (mm) | 26 |
| Femur (kN) | |
| Left | 0.5 |
| Right | 0.4 |
| Knee displacement (mm) | |
| Left | 0 |
| Right | 0 |
| Knee-thigh-hip injury risk (%) | |
| Left | 0 |
| Right | 0 |
| Maximum tibia index | |
| Left | 0.16 |
| Right | 0.22 |
| Tibia axial force (kN) | |
| Left | 1.8 |
| Right | 1.8 |
| Foot acceleration (g) | |
| Left | 44 |
| Right | 63 |
Rear passenger injury measures
| Test ID | CEF2108 |
|---|---|
| Head | |
| HIC-15 for head contact during forward excursion |
no contact
|
| Peak gs at hard contact | no contact |
| Neck | |
| Tension (kN) | 1.8 |
| Compression (kN) | 0.4 |
| Maximum Nij for head contact during forward excursion |
no contact
|
| Chest | |
| Chest index | 34 |
| Shoulder belt tension (kN) | 5.5 |
| Thigh (kN) | |
| Left femur compression | 0.3 |
| Right femur compression | 0.4 |
Side: original test
Rating applies to 2019-24 models
Tested vehicle: 2019 Volvo XC40 T5 Momentum 4-door 4wd
The Volvo XC40 was introduced in the 2019 model year. Side ratings are assigned by the Institute based on a test conducted by Volvo.
| Overall evaluation | |
|---|---|
| Structure and safety cage | |
| Driver injury measures | |
| Head/neck | |
| Torso | |
| Pelvis/leg | |
| Driver head protection | |
| Rear passenger injury measures | |
| Head/neck | |
| Torso | |
| Pelvis/leg | |
| Rear passenger head protection | |
Measures of occupant compartment intrusion on driver side
| Test ID | VTS1902 |
|---|---|
| B-pillar to longitudinal centerline of driver's seat (cm) | -20.5 |
| Negative numbers indicate the amount by which the crush stopped short of the seat centerline. | |
Driver injury measures
| Test ID | VTS1902 |
|---|---|
| Head HIC-15 | 97 |
| Neck | |
| Tension (kN) | 1.2 |
| Compression (kN) | 0.4 |
| Shoulder | |
| Lateral deflection (mm) | 38 |
| Lateral force (kN) | 1.4 |
| Torso | |
| Maximum deflection (mm) | 37 |
| Average deflection (mm) | 34 |
| Maximum deflection rate (m/s) | 4.83 |
| Maximum viscous criterion (m/s) | 0.85 |
| Pelvis | |
| Iliac force (kN) | 1.0 |
| Acetabulum force (kN) | 1.7 |
| Combined force (kN) | 2.7 |
| Left femur | |
| L-M force (kN) | 0.8 |
| L-M moment (Nm) | 12 |
| A-P moment (Nm) | 87 |
Passenger injury measures
| Test ID | VTS1902 |
|---|---|
| Head HIC-15 | 159 |
| Neck | |
| Tension (kN) | 0.6 |
| Compression (kN) | -0.2 |
| Shoulder | |
| Lateral deflection (mm) | 10 |
| Lateral force (kN) | 0.5 |
| Torso | |
| Maximum deflection (mm) | 28 |
| Average deflection (mm) | 22 |
| Maximum deflection rate (m/s) | 2.73 |
| Maximum viscous criterion (m/s) | 0.40 |
| Pelvis | |
| Iliac force (kN) | 0.4 |
| Acetabulum force (kN) | 1.8 |
| Combined force (kN) | 1.9 |
| Left femur | |
| L-M force (kN) | 0.4 |
| L-M moment (Nm) | 97 |
| A-P moment (Nm) | -23 |
Side: updated test
Rating applies to 2019-24 models
Tested vehicle: 2021 Volvo XC40 T5 Momentum 4-door 4wd
The Volvo XC40 was introduced in the 2019 model year.
| Overall evaluation | |
|---|---|
| Structure and safety cage | |
| Driver injury measures | |
| Head/neck | |
| Torso | |
| Pelvis | |
| Driver head protection | |
| Rear passenger injury measures | |
| Head/neck | |
| Torso | |
| Pelvis | |
| Rear passenger head protection | |
View of the vehicle just after the crash test.
View of the vehicle after the crash with doors removed, showing the side airbags and damage to the occupant compartment.
Smeared greasepaint shows where the driver dummy's head was protected from being hit by hard structures by the side airbags.
Smeared greasepaint shows where the rear passenger dummy's head was protected by the side airbag.
Measures of occupant compartment intrusion on driver side
| Test ID | CES2006 |
|---|---|
| B-pillar to longitudinal centerline of driver's seat (cm) | -12.0 |
| Negative numbers indicate the amount by which the crush stopped short of the seat centerline. | |
Driver injury measures
| Test ID | CES2006 |
|---|---|
| Head | |
| HIC-15 | 129 |
| Peak gs at hard contact | no contact |
| Neck | |
| Tension (kN) | 1.4 |
| Compression (kN) | 0.2 |
| Shoulder | |
| Lateral deflection (mm) | 37 |
| Lateral force (kN) | 1.3 |
| Torso | |
| Maximum deflection (mm) | 42 |
| Average deflection (mm) | 37 |
| Maximum deflection rate (m/s) | 4.03 |
| Maximum viscous criterion (m/s) | 0.84 |
| Pelvis | |
| Combined force (kN) | 5.3 |
Passenger injury measures
| Test ID | CES2006 |
|---|---|
| Head | |
| HIC-15 | 387 |
| Peak gs at hard contact | no contact |
| Neck | |
| Tension (kN) | 1.2 |
| Compression (kN) | 0.4 |
| Shoulder | |
| Lateral deflection (mm) | 28 |
| Lateral force (kN) | 1.3 |
| Torso | |
| Maximum deflection (mm) | 38 |
| Average deflection (mm) | 31 |
| Maximum deflection rate (m/s) | 4.59 |
| Maximum viscous criterion (m/s) | 0.65 |
| Pelvis | |
| Combined force (kN) | 3.1 |
Roof strength
Rating applies to 2019-23 models
Tested vehicle: 2019 Volvo XC40 T5 Momentum 4-door 4wd
Ratings apply to the Volvo XC40 Recharge (tested) and the structurally similar 2022 C40 Recharge.
| Overall evaluation | |
|---|---|
| Curb weight | 3,811 lbs |
| Peak force | 19,949 lbs |
| Strength-to-weight ratio | 5.23 |
Head restraints & seats
Seat type: Power leather seat
| Overall evaluation | |
|---|---|
| Dynamic rating | |
| Seat/head restraint geometry |
| Seat type | Power leather seat |
|---|---|
| Geometry | |
| Backset (mm) | 6 |
| Distance below top of head (mm) | 28 |
| Seat design parameters | |
| Pass/fail | Pass |
| Max T1 acceleration (g) | 11.0 |
| Head contact time (ms) | 49 |
| Force rating | 1 |
| Neck forces | |
| Max neck shear force (N) | 64 |
| Max neck tension (N) | 236 |
About the head restraint & seat test
Currently, IIHS tests apply only to front seats.
Front crash prevention: vehicle-to-vehicle
Front crash prevention: pedestrian (day)
Seat belt reminders
Rating applies to 2023-24 models
| Overall evaluation | |
|---|---|
| Front row | |
| Unbelted occupant alert (audible & visual) | |
| Initiation time | |
| Duration | Long enough (90+ seconds) |
| Volume | |
| Audio frequency | |
| Second row | |
| Startup status alert (visual) | |
| Initiation time | |
| Duration at least 60 seconds | |
| Belt disengaged alert (audible & visual) | |
| Initiation time | |
| Duration at least 30 seconds | |
| Volume | |
| Audio frequency |
| Background cabin sound pressure level at 24 km/h | 51 dB |
| Audible signal sound pressure level at 24 km/h | 60 dB |
| Difference between background and signal | 8.8 dB |
| Background cabin sound pressure level at 40 km/h | 55 dB |
| Audible signal sound pressure level at 40 km/h | 62 dB |
| Difference between background and signal | 6.3 dB |
| Dominant audio frequency | 528 Hz |
Child seat anchors
Rating applies to 2019-24 models
| Overall evaluation | |
| Vehicle trim | T5 Momentum |
| Seat type | leather |
This vehicle has 2 rear seating positions with complete child seat attachment (LATCH) hardware.
It has 1 additional seating position with a tether anchor only.
| Overall evaluation | |
| Vehicle trim | T5 Momentum |
| Seat type | leather |
| G | Good |
| A | Acceptable |
| M | Marginal |
| P | Poor |
| Seating positions that rely on borrowed lower anchors or have only a tether anchor available are not rated. | |
thether anchor symbol | Tether anchor |
lower anchor symbol | Lower anchors |
| Lower anchor(s) can be borrowed from adjacent positions(s) | |
| No hardware available |
Details by seating position
| 1 | |
|---|---|
| Tether anchor | |
| easy-to-find location | |
| no other hardware could be confused for anchor | |
| Lower anchors | |
| not too deep in seat | |
| not too much force needed to attach | |
| difficult to maneuver around anchors | |
| 2 | |
| Tether anchor | |
| easy-to-find location | |
| no other hardware could be confused for anchor | |
| Lower anchors | |
| none available | |
| 3 | |
| Tether anchor | |
| easy-to-find location | |
| no other hardware could be confused for anchor | |
| Lower anchors | |
| not too deep in seat | |
| not too much force needed to attach | |
| difficult to maneuver around anchors |
Seat position 21
| Lower anchor A | |
|---|---|
| Open access rated | No |
| Depth (cm) | 0-2 |
| Force (lbs) | 14 |
| Clearance angle (degrees) | 27 |
| Lower anchor B | |
| Open access rated | No |
| Depth (cm) | 0-2 |
| Force (lbs) | 4 |
| Clearance angle (degrees) | 21 |
| Tether anchor | |
| Location | Middle seatback |
| Confusing hardware present | Yes |
| Has contrasting label within 3 inches of tether anchor |
Yes |
| Tether anchors can be accessed while seatback is properly positioned for use of LATCH |
Not measured |
Seat position 22
| Lower anchor A | |
|---|---|
| No lower latch for this seat position | |
| Lower anchor B | |
| No lower latch for this seat position | |
| Tether anchor | |
| Location | Middle seatback |
| Confusing hardware present | No |
| Has contrasting label within 3 inches of tether anchor |
No |
| Tether anchors can be accessed while seatback is properly positioned for use of LATCH |
Not measured |
Seat position 23
| Lower anchor A | |
|---|---|
| Open access rated | No |
| Depth (cm) | 0-2 |
| Force (lbs) | 13 |
| Clearance angle (degrees) | 21 |
| Lower anchor B | |
| Open access rated | No |
| Depth (cm) | 0-2 |
| Force (lbs) | 6 |
| Clearance angle (degrees) | 21 |
| Tether anchor | |
| Location | Middle seatback |
| Confusing hardware present | Yes |
| Has contrasting label within 3 inches of tether anchor |
Yes |
| Tether anchors can be accessed while seatback is properly positioned for use of LATCH |
Not measured |