Small overlap front
The small overlap front evaluation consists of a driver-side and a passenger-side component. If the results of the two evaluations differ, then the combined small overlap rating is equal to the lower rating.
Driver-side
- Rating applies to 2024-25 models
Tested vehicle: 2023 BMW X1 xDrive28i 4-door 4wd
The BMW X1 was redesigned for the 2023 model year, and the BMW X2, derived from the X1, was redesigned for the 2024 model year. Driver-side small overlap frontal ratings are assigned by the Institute based on a test of a 2023 X1 conducted by BMW.
| Overall driver-side evaluation | |
|---|---|
| Structure and safety cage | |
| Driver injury measures | |
| Head/neck | |
| Chest | |
| Hip/thigh | |
| Lower leg/foot | |
| Driver restraints and dummy kinematics | |
Measures of occupant compartment intrusion on driver side
| Test ID | VTN2302 |
|---|---|
| Lower occupant compartment | |
| Lower hinge pillar max (cm) | 2 |
| Footrest (cm) | 2 |
| Left toepan (cm) | 1 |
| Brake pedal (cm) | 5 |
| Parking brake (cm) | |
| Rocker panel lateral average (cm) | 1 |
| Upper occupant compartment | |
| Steering column | 0 |
| Upper hinge pillar max (cm) | 1 |
| Upper dash (cm) | 2 |
| Lower instrument panel (cm) | 2 |
Driver injury measures
| Test ID | VTN2302 |
|---|---|
| Head | |
| HIC-15 | 170 |
| Peak gs at hard contact | no contact |
| Neck | |
| Tension (kN) | 1.1 |
| Extension bending moment (Nm) | 11 |
| Maximum Nij | 0.22 |
| Chest maximum compression (mm) | 27 |
| Femur (kN) | |
| Left | 0.5 |
| Right | 0.3 |
| Knee displacement (mm) | |
| Left | 2 |
| Right | 2 |
| Knee-thigh-hip injury risk (%) | |
| Left | 0 |
| Right | 0 |
| Maximum tibia index | |
| Left | 0.44 |
| Right | 0.44 |
| Tibia axial force (kN) | |
| Left | 1.5 |
| Right | 0.9 |
| Foot acceleration (g) | |
| Left | 35 |
| Right | 40 |
Passenger-side
- Rating applies to 2024-25 models
Tested vehicle: 2023 BMW X1 xDrive28i 4-door 4wd
The BMW X1 was redesigned for the 2023 model year, and the BMW X2, derived from the X1, was redesigned for the 2024 model year. Two passenger-side small overlap frontal tests of the BMW X1 were conducted, one by the Institute and the other by BMW. Ratings are based on both tests, but the vehicle specifications shown below are based on the Institute’s test.
| Overall passenger-side evaluation | |
|---|---|
| Structure and safety cage | |
| Passenger injury measures | |
| Head/neck | |
| Chest | |
| Hip/thigh | |
| Lower leg/foot | |
| Passenger restraints and dummy kinematics | |
| Driver injury measures | |
| Head/neck | |
| Chest | |
| Hip/thigh | |
| Lower leg/foot | |
| Driver restraints and dummy kinematics | |
Action shot taken during the passenger-side small overlap frontal crash test.
The dummy's position in relation to the door frame and dashboard after the crash test indicates that the passenger's survival space was maintained very well.
The frontal and side curtain airbags worked well together to keep the head from coming close to any stiff structure or outside objects that could cause injury.
The passenger's space was maintained well, and risk of injuries to the dummy's legs and feet was low.
Measures of occupant compartment intrusion on passenger side
| Test ID | VTP2303 | CEP2301 |
|---|---|---|
| Lower occupant compartment | ||
| Lower hinge pillar max (cm) | 6 | 3 |
| Footrest (cm) | 5 | 3 |
| Right toepan (cm) | 2 | 1 |
| Center toepan (cm) | 1 | 1 |
| Rocker panel lateral average (cm) | 2 | 1 |
| Upper occupant compartment | ||
| Center dash (cm) | 0 | 1 |
| Upper hinge pillar max (cm) | 6 | 1 |
| Upper dash (cm) | 7 | 2 |
| Right lower dash (cm) | 7 | 1 |
Passenger injury measures
| Test ID | VTP2303 | CEP2301 |
|---|---|---|
| Head | ||
| HIC-15 | 167 | 155 |
| Peak gs at hard contact | no contact | no contact |
| Neck | ||
| Tension (kN) | 1.1 | 1.0 |
| Extension bending moment (Nm) | 8 | 8 |
| Maximum Nij | 0.18 | 0.18 |
| Chest maximum compression (mm) | 21 | 22 |
| Femur (kN) | ||
| Left | 1.3 | 0.9 |
| Right | 1.6 | 1.0 |
| Knee displacement (mm) | ||
| Left | 2 | 1 |
| Right | 4 | 4 |
| Knee-thigh-hip injury risk (%) | ||
| Left | 0 | 0 |
| Right | 0 | 0 |
| Maximum tibia index | ||
| Left | 0.52 | 0.43 |
| Right | 0.48 | 0.46 |
| Tibia axial force (kN) | ||
| Left | 2.6 | 2.9 |
| Right | 2.1 | 2.2 |
| Foot acceleration (g) | ||
| Left | 50 | 36 |
| Right | 58 | 32 |
Driver injury measures
| Test ID | VTP2303 | CEP2301 |
|---|---|---|
| Head | ||
| HIC-15 | 98 | 108 |
| Peak gs at hard contact | no contact | no contact |
| Neck | ||
| Tension (kN) | 0.8 | 0.8 |
| Extension bending moment (Nm) | 9 | 17 |
| Maximum Nij | 0.21 | 0.20 |
| Chest maximum compression (mm) | 30 | 31 |
| Femur (kN) | ||
| Left | 1.0 | 0.4 |
| Right | 0.3 | 0.4 |
| Knee displacement (mm) | ||
| Left | 1 | 2 |
| Right | 1 | 1 |
| Knee-thigh-hip injury risk (%) | ||
| Left | 0 | 0 |
| Right | 0 | 0 |
| Maximum tibia index | ||
| Left | 0.33 | 0.39 |
| Right | 0.23 | 0.32 |
| Tibia axial force (kN) | ||
| Left | 2.2 | 1.8 |
| Right | 1.7 | 1.7 |
| Foot acceleration (g) | ||
| Left | 42 | 44 |
| Right | 40 | 44 |
Moderate overlap front: original test
Rating applies to 2024-25 models
Tested vehicle: 2023 BMW X1 xDrive28i 4-door 4wd
The BMW X1 was redesigned for the 2023 model year, and the BMW X2, derived from the X1, was redesigned for the 2024 model year. Moderate overlap frontal ratings are assigned by the Institute based on a test of a 2023 X1 conducted by BMW.
| Overall evaluation | |
|---|---|
| Structure and safety cage | |
| Driver injury measures | |
| Head/neck | |
| Chest | |
| Leg/foot, left | |
| Leg/foot, right | |
| Driver restraints and dummy kinematics |
Measures of occupant compartment intrusion on driver side
| Test ID | VTF2304 |
|---|---|
| Footwell intrusion | |
| Footrest (cm) | 3 |
| Left (cm) | 4 |
| Center (cm) | 6 |
| Right (cm) | 7 |
| Brake pedal (cm) | 2 |
| Instrument panel rearward movement | |
| Left (cm) | 0 |
| Right (cm) | 0 |
| Steering column movement | |
| Upward (cm) | -5 |
| Rearward (cm) | -9 |
| A-pillar rearward movement (cm) | 0 |
Driver injury measures
| Test ID | VTF2304 |
|---|---|
| Head | |
| HIC-15 | 267 |
| Peak gs at hard contact | no contact |
| Neck | |
| Tension (kN) | 1.6 |
| Extension bending moment (Nm) | 15 |
| Maximum Nij | 0.30 |
| Chest maximum compression (mm) | 37 |
| Legs | |
| Femur force - left (kN) | 0.9 |
| Femur force - right (kN) | 1.2 |
| Knee displacement - left (mm) | 2 |
| Knee displacement - right (mm) | 2 |
| Maximum tibia index - left | 0.43 |
| Maximum tibia index - right | 0.64 |
| Tibia axial force - left (kN) | 2.0 |
| Tibia axial force - right (kN) | 2.5 |
| Foot acceleration (g) | |
| Left | 57 |
| Right | 100 |
Side: updated test
Rating applies to 2024-25 models
Tested vehicle: 2024 BMW X2 xDrive28i 4-door 4wd
The BMW X2 was redesigned for the 2024 model year. Side 2.0 ratings are assigned by the Institute based on a test of a 2024 X2 conducted by BMW. These ratings do not apply to the BMW X1.
| Overall evaluation | |
|---|---|
| Structure and safety cage | |
| Driver injury measures | |
| Head/neck | |
| Torso | |
| Pelvis | |
| Driver head protection | |
| Rear passenger injury measures | |
| Head/neck | |
| Torso | |
| Pelvis | |
| Rear passenger head protection | |
Measures of occupant compartment intrusion on driver side
| Test ID | VTS2407 |
|---|---|
| B-pillar to longitudinal centerline of driver's seat (cm) | -25.0 |
| Negative numbers indicate the amount by which the crush stopped short of the seat centerline. | |
Driver injury measures
| Test ID | VTS2407 |
|---|---|
| Head | |
| HIC-15 | 125 |
| Peak gs at hard contact | no contact |
| Neck | |
| Tension (kN) | 1.1 |
| Compression (kN) | 0.3 |
| Shoulder | |
| Lateral deflection (mm) | 24 |
| Lateral force (kN) | 1.3 |
| Torso | |
| Maximum deflection (mm) | 28 |
| Average deflection (mm) | 25 |
| Maximum deflection rate (m/s) | 3.50 |
| Maximum viscous criterion (m/s) | 0.34 |
| Pelvis | |
| Combined force (kN) | 3.3 |
Passenger injury measures
| Test ID | VTS2407 |
|---|---|
| Head | |
| HIC-15 | 244 |
| Peak gs at hard contact | no contact |
| Neck | |
| Tension (kN) | 1.2 |
| Compression (kN) | 0.3 |
| Shoulder | |
| Lateral deflection (mm) | 25 |
| Lateral force (kN) | 1.0 |
| Torso | |
| Maximum deflection (mm) | 24 |
| Average deflection (mm) | 20 |
| Maximum deflection rate (m/s) | 2.52 |
| Maximum viscous criterion (m/s) | 0.30 |
| Pelvis | |
| Combined force (kN) | 4.9 |
Headlights
Trim level(s)
- All trims
| Low-beam headlight type | LED projector |
|---|---|
| High-beam headlight type | LED projector |
| Curve-adaptive? | No |
| High-beam assist? | Yes |
|
Overall rating | |
| Distance at which headlights provide at least 5 lux illumination: | |
Low beams
On the straightaway, visibility was good on both sides of the road. On curves, visibility was good in all 4 tests.
The low beams never exceeded glare limits.
High beams
On the straightaway, visibility was fair on both sides of the road. On curves, visibility was fair in all 4 tests.
High-beam assist compensates for some limitations of this vehicle's low beams on both left curves.
| Trim level(s) |
|
|---|---|
| Low-beam headlight type | LED projector |
| High-beam headlight type | LED projector |
| Curve-adaptive? | No |
| High-beam assist? | Yes |
|
Overall rating Applies to 2024-25 models |
| LOW BEAMS | Average minimum useful illumination distance (5 lux) |
Amount glare exceeded threshold |
|---|---|---|
| Straightaway right edge | 102.9 m | None |
| Straightaway left edge | 64.4 m | None |
| 250m radius right curve, right edge | 72.2 m | None |
| 250m radius left curve, left edge | 68.5 m | None |
| 150m radius right curve, right edge | 60.9 m | None |
| 150m radius left curve, left edge | 56.3 m | None |
| HIGH BEAMS | Average minimum useful illumination distance (5 lux) |
|---|---|
| Straightaway right edge | 131.5 m |
| Straightaway left edge | 139.6 m |
| 250m radius right curve, right edge | 73.6 m |
| 250m radius left curve, left edge | 74.2 m |
| 150m radius right curve, right edge | 60.0 m |
| 150m radius left curve, left edge | 61.2 m |