Top Safety PickTop Safety Pick criteria

2024 Toyota RAV4

small SUV / 4-door SUV

2024 Toyota RAV4 4-door SUV
2023 Toyota RAV4 shown

Crashworthiness

Rating overview
Small overlap front
Moderate overlap front: original test
Moderate overlap front: updated test
Side: original test
Side: updated test

Crash avoidance & mitigation

Headlights
Front crash prevention: vehicle-to-vehicle 2.0
Standard system
Front crash prevention: pedestrian
Standard system

Seat belts & child restraints

Seat belt reminders
LATCH ease of use
+

Other available safety features

  • Optional blind spot detection
  • Standard lane departure warning & prevention

Key

  • Good
  • Acceptable
  • Marginal
  • Poor

Small overlap front

The small overlap front evaluation consists of a driver-side and a passenger-side component. If the results of the two evaluations differ, then the combined small overlap rating is equal to the lower rating.

Driver-side

  • Rating applies to 2019-24 models

Tested vehicle: 2019 Toyota RAV4 XLE 4-door 4wd

The Toyota RAV4 was redesigned for the 2019 model year. The Toyota Venza was re-introduced to the market as a small SUV in the 2021 model year and shares the same platform as the RAV4. Driver-side small overlap frontal ratings are assigned by the Institute based on a test of a 2019 RAV4 conducted by Toyota.

Overall driver-side evaluation
Structure and safety cage
Driver injury measures
Head/neck
Chest
Hip/thigh
Lower leg/foot
Driver restraints and dummy kinematics
Technical measurements for this test

Measures of occupant compartment intrusion on driver side

Test ID VTN1819
Lower occupant compartment
Lower hinge pillar max (cm) 2
Footrest (cm) 2
Left toepan (cm) 3
Brake pedal (cm) 3
Parking brake (cm)
Rocker panel lateral average (cm) 2
Upper occupant compartment
Steering column 1
Upper hinge pillar max (cm) 1
Upper dash (cm) 2
Lower instrument panel (cm) 2

Driver injury measures

Test ID VTN1819
Head
HIC-15 293
Peak gs at hard contact no contact
Neck
Tension (kN) 1.3
Extension bending moment (Nm) 10
Maximum Nij 0.26
Chest maximum compression (mm) 25
Femur (kN)
Left 0.8
Right 0.8
Knee displacement (mm)
Left 1
Right 2
Knee-thigh-hip injury risk (%)
Left 0
Right 0
Maximum tibia index
Left 0.63
Right 0.36
Tibia axial force (kN)
Left 2.4
Right 2.2
Foot acceleration (g)
Left 82
Right 38

Passenger-side

  • Rating applies to 2019-24 models

Tested vehicle: 2019 Toyota RAV4 LE 4-door 4wd

The Toyota RAV4 was redesigned for the 2019 model year. The Toyota Venza was re-introduced to the market as a small SUV in the 2021 model year and shares the same platform as the RAV4. Two passenger-side small overlap frontal tests of the RAV4 were conducted, one by the Institute and the other by Toyota. Ratings are based on both tests, but the vehicle specifications shown below are based on the Institute’s test.

Overall passenger-side evaluation
Structure and safety cage
Passenger injury measures
Head/neck
Chest
Hip/thigh
Lower leg/foot
Passenger restraints and dummy kinematics
Driver injury measures
Head/neck
Chest
Hip/thigh
Lower leg/foot
Driver restraints and dummy kinematics

Action shot taken during the Institute's passenger-side small overlap frontal crash test.

The dummy's position in relation to the door frame and dashboard after the crash test indicates that the passenger's survival space was maintained very well (Institute test car shown).

The frontal and side curtain airbags worked well together to keep the head from coming close to any stiff structure or outside objects that could cause injury (Institute test shown).

The passenger's space was maintained well in both tests, and in the Institute's test, risk of injuries to the dummy's legs and feet was low. (Risk of injury to the left lower leg was moderate in Toyota's test).

Technical measurements for this test

Measures of occupant compartment intrusion on passenger side

Test ID VTP1835 CEP1902
Lower occupant compartment
Lower hinge pillar max (cm) 5 6
Footrest (cm) 4 5
Right toepan (cm) 6 2
Center toepan (cm) 5 0
Rocker panel lateral average (cm) 2 1
Upper occupant compartment
Center dash (cm) 1 2
Upper hinge pillar max (cm) 6 3
Upper dash (cm) 5 4
Right lower dash (cm) 5 4

Passenger injury measures

Test ID VTP1835 CEP1902
Head
HIC-15 216 221
Peak gs at hard contact no contact no contact
Neck
Tension (kN) 1.9 1.8
Extension bending moment (Nm) 21 17
Maximum Nij 0.37 0.38
Chest maximum compression (mm) 23 22
Femur (kN)
Left 1.7 2.0
Right 3.4 1.9
Knee displacement (mm)
Left 8 6
Right 5 3
Knee-thigh-hip injury risk (%)
Left 0 0
Right 0 0
Maximum tibia index
Left 0.86 0.52
Right 0.46 0.49
Tibia axial force (kN)
Left 3.0 2.3
Right 1.7 2.4
Foot acceleration (g)
Left 98 60
Right 58 75

Driver injury measures

Test ID VTP1835 CEP1902
Head
HIC-15 125 184
Peak gs at hard contact no contact no contact
Neck
Tension (kN) 1.1 1.1
Extension bending moment (Nm) 10 11
Maximum Nij 0.19 0.20
Chest maximum compression (mm) 32 30
Femur (kN)
Left 0.5 0.5
Right 0.8 0.5
Knee displacement (mm)
Left 1 1
Right 2 1
Knee-thigh-hip injury risk (%)
Left 0 0
Right 0 0
Maximum tibia index
Left 0.40 0.27
Right 0.34 0.19
Tibia axial force (kN)
Left 1.8 1.0
Right 2.1 0.9
Foot acceleration (g)
Left 33 27
Right 75 39

About the small overlap front test

Moderate overlap front: original test

Rating applies to 2019-24 models

Tested vehicle: 2019 Toyota RAV4 XLE 4-door 4wd

The Toyota RAV4 was redesigned for the 2019 model year. The Toyota Venza was re-introduced to the market as a small SUV in the 2021 model year and shares the same platform as the RAV4. Moderate overlap frontal ratings are assigned by the Institute based on a test of a 2019 RAV4 conducted by Toyota.

Overall evaluation
Structure and safety cage
Driver injury measures
Head/neck
Chest
Leg/foot, left
Leg/foot, right
Driver restraints and dummy kinematics
Technical measurements for this test

Measures of occupant compartment intrusion on driver side

Test ID VTF1831
Footwell intrusion
Footrest (cm) 3
Left (cm) 7
Center (cm) 5
Right (cm) 4
Brake pedal (cm) 2
Instrument panel rearward movement
Left (cm) 1
Right (cm) 0
Steering column movement
Upward (cm) 0
Rearward (cm) -3
A-pillar rearward movement (cm) 1

Driver injury measures

Test ID VTF1831
Head
HIC-15 321
Peak gs at hard contact no contact
Neck
Tension (kN) 1.2
Extension bending moment (Nm) 11
Maximum Nij 0.25
Chest maximum compression (mm) 25
Legs
Femur force - left (kN) 0.6
Femur force - right (kN) 0.7
Knee displacement - left (mm) 1
Knee displacement - right (mm) 2
Maximum tibia index - left 0.25
Maximum tibia index - right 0.34
Tibia axial force - left (kN) 2.2
Tibia axial force - right (kN) 2.1
Foot acceleration (g)
Left 52
Right 46

About the original moderate overlap front test

Moderate overlap front: updated test

Rating applies to 2021-24 models

Tested vehicle: 2021 Toyota RAV4 LE 4-door 4wd

The Toyota RAV4 was redesigned for the 2019 model year.

Overall evaluation
Structure and safety cage
Driver injury measures
Head/neck
Chest
Thigh/hip
Leg/foot
Driver restraints and dummy kinematics
Rear passenger injury measures
Head/neck
Chest
Thigh
Rear passenger restraints and dummy kinematics

View of the vehicle after the crash showing the airbags and damage to the occupant compartment.

The rear passenger dummy's head remained a safe distance from the front seatback.

Rear passenger dummy injury values indicate a low risk of injury to the head or neck and chest. During the crash, the shoulder belt remained in an ideal position on the dummy’s chest.

The rear passenger dummy's lap belt moved from the ideal position on the pelvis onto the abdomen, increasing the risk of abdominal injuries.

During rebound the rear passenger dummy's head moved outside of the side curtain airbag. The head protection is inadequate and puts the head at risk of possible contact with outside objects.

Technical measurements for this test

Measures of occupant compartment intrusion on driver side

Test ID CEF2110
Footwell intrusion
Footrest (cm) 3
Left (cm) 6
Center (cm) 3
Right (cm) 3
Brake pedal (cm) 8
Instrument panel rearward movement
Left (cm) 0
Right (cm) 1
Steering column movement
Upward (cm) -1
Rearward (cm) -6
A-pillar rearward movement (cm) 0

Driver injury measures

Test ID CEF2110
Head
HIC-15 307
Peak gs at hard contact no contact
Neck
Tension (kN) 1.4
Extension bending moment (Nm) 18
Maximum Nij 0.23
Chest maximum compression (mm) 29
Femur (kN)
Left 0.6
Right 0.6
Knee displacement (mm)
Left 3
Right 1
Knee-thigh-hip injury risk (%)
Left 0
Right 0
Maximum tibia index
Left 0.27
Right 0.34
Tibia axial force (kN)
Left 2.0
Right 1.8
Foot acceleration (g)
Left 61
Right 42

Rear passenger injury measures

Test ID CEF2110
Head
HIC-15 for head contact during forward excursion
no contact
Peak gs at hard contact no contact
Neck
Tension (kN) 2.0
Compression (kN) 0.1
Maximum Nij for head contact during forward excursion
no contact
Chest
Chest index 39
Shoulder belt tension (kN) 4.3
Thigh (kN)
Left femur compression 0.5
Right femur compression 0.3

About the moderate overlap front test

February 2024 adjustment to rating criteria

Side: original test

Rating applies to 2019-24 models

Tested vehicle: 2019 Toyota RAV4 XLE 4-door 4wd

The Toyota RAV4 was redesigned for the 2019 model year. The Toyota Venza was re-introduced to the market as a small SUV in the 2021 model year and shares the same platform as the RAV4. Side ratings are assigned by the Institute based on a test of a 2019 RAV4 conducted by Toyota.

Overall evaluation
Structure and safety cage
Driver injury measures
Head/neck
Torso
Pelvis/leg
Driver head protection
Rear passenger injury measures
Head/neck
Torso
Pelvis/leg
Rear passenger head protection
Technical measurements for this test

Measures of occupant compartment intrusion on driver side

Test ID VTS1829
B-pillar to longitudinal centerline of driver's seat (cm) -21.5
Negative numbers indicate the amount by which the crush stopped short of the seat centerline.

Driver injury measures

Test ID VTS1829
Head HIC-15 124
Neck
Tension (kN) 0.6
Compression (kN) 0.3
Shoulder
Lateral deflection (mm) 19
Lateral force (kN) 1.0
Torso
Maximum deflection (mm) 28
Average deflection (mm) 24
Maximum deflection rate (m/s) 2.90
Maximum viscous criterion (m/s) 0.25
Pelvis
Iliac force (kN) 1.5
Acetabulum force (kN) 1.4
Combined force (kN) 2.8
Left femur
L-M force (kN) 0.2
L-M moment (Nm) 71
A-P moment (Nm) -23

Passenger injury measures

Test ID VTS1829
Head HIC-15 87
Neck
Tension (kN) 0.7
Compression (kN) 0.8
Shoulder
Lateral deflection (mm) 26
Lateral force (kN) 1.3
Torso
Maximum deflection (mm) 27
Average deflection (mm) 20
Maximum deflection rate (m/s) 2.40
Maximum viscous criterion (m/s) 0.20
Pelvis
Iliac force (kN) 0.2
Acetabulum force (kN) 2.3
Combined force (kN) 2.3
Left femur
L-M force (kN) 0.6
L-M moment (Nm) 63
A-P moment (Nm) 30

About the original side crash test

Side: updated test

Rating applies to 2019-24 models

Tested vehicle: 2021 Toyota RAV4 LE 4-door 4wd

The Toyota RAV4 was redesigned for the 2019 model year. The Toyota Venza was re-introduced to the market as a small SUV in the 2021 model year and shares the same platform as the RAV4.

Overall evaluation
Structure and safety cage
Driver injury measures
Head/neck
Torso
Pelvis
Driver head protection
Rear passenger injury measures
Head/neck
Torso
Pelvis
Rear passenger head protection
Part of the dummy's head moved beyond the rear portion of the side curtain airbag and contacted the C-pillar hard. The head protection is inadequate.

View of the vehicle just after the crash test.

View of the vehicle after the crash with doors removed, showing the side airbags and damage to the occupant compartment.

Smeared greasepaint shows where the driver dummy's head was protected from being hit by hard structures by the side airbags.

Smeared greasepaint shows where the rear passenger dummy's head struck the C-pillar (inset) despite the deployment of the side curtain airbag.

Technical measurements for this test

Measures of occupant compartment intrusion on driver side

Test ID CES2008
B-pillar to longitudinal centerline of driver's seat (cm) -23.0
Negative numbers indicate the amount by which the crush stopped short of the seat centerline.

Driver injury measures

Test ID CES2008
Head
HIC-15 120
Peak gs at hard contact no contact
Neck
Tension (kN) 0.6
Compression (kN) 0.3
Shoulder
Lateral deflection (mm) 12
Lateral force (kN) 0.8
Torso
Maximum deflection (mm) 34
Average deflection (mm) 21
Maximum deflection rate (m/s) 3.13
Maximum viscous criterion (m/s) 0.38
Pelvis
Combined force (kN) 4.9

Passenger injury measures

Test ID CES2008
Head
HIC-15 542
Peak gs at hard contact 104
Neck
Tension (kN) 1.4
Compression (kN) 1.0
Shoulder
Lateral deflection (mm) 24
Lateral force (kN) 1.3
Torso
Maximum deflection (mm) 21
Average deflection (mm) 17
Maximum deflection rate (m/s) 3.64
Maximum viscous criterion (m/s) 0.22
Pelvis
Combined force (kN) 3.1

About the side crash test

Headlights

Trim level(s)

  • All trims
Low-beam headlight typeLED projector
High-beam headlight typeLED projector
Curve-adaptive?No
High-beam assist?Yes
Overall rating
Distance at which headlights provide at least 5 lux illumination:
car-simpler car-simpler car-simpler car-simpler car-simpler 0 ft 100 ft 200 ft 300 ft 400 ft 500 ft 600 ft Low beams Optimal low-beam illumination High beams Optimal high-beam illumination High-beam assist credit

Low beams
On the straightaway, visibility was good on both sides of the road. On curves, visibility was good on both right curves, fair on the sharp left curve and inadequate on the gradual left curve.

The low beams never exceeded glare limits.

High beams
On the straightaway, visibility was good on the right side of the road and fair on the left side. On curves, visibility was fair on the gradual right and gradual left curves and inadequate on the sharp right and sharp left curves.

High-beam assist compensates for some limitations of this vehicle's low beams on the straightaway and on both left curves.

Technical measurements for this test
Trim level(s)
  • All trims
Low-beam headlight type LED projector
High-beam headlight type LED projector
Curve-adaptive? No
High-beam assist? Yes
Overall rating
Applies to 2022-24 models
LOW BEAMS Average minimum useful
illumination distance (5 lux)		 Amount glare
exceeded threshold
Straightaway right edge 100.4 m None
Straightaway left edge 56.9 m None
250m radius right curve, right edge 73.8 m None
250m radius left curve, left edge 51.1 m None
150m radius right curve, right edge 60.1 m None
150m radius left curve, left edge 45.2 m None
HIGH BEAMS Average minimum useful
illumination distance (5 lux)
Straightaway right edge 144.5 m
Straightaway left edge 140.5 m
250m radius right curve, right edge 70.7 m
250m radius left curve, left edge 69.3 m
150m radius right curve, right edge 52.0 m
150m radius left curve, left edge 50.9 m

About the headlight evaluation

Front crash prevention: vehicle-to-vehicle 2.0

Rating applies to all 2023-24 models

System details

  • standard Toyota Safety Sense 2.5 Pre-Collision System with Pedestrian Detection

Overall evaluation

Passenger car target

Test runSpeed reductionTimely warning?
31 mph/target centeredCollision avoided
31 mph/target off-centerCollision avoided
37 mph/target centeredCollision avoided
37 mph/target off-centerCollision avoided
43 mph/target centeredCollision avoided
43 mph/target off-center40 mph

Motorcycle target

Test runSpeed reductionTimely warning?
31 mph/target centeredCollision avoided
31 mph/target off-centerCollision avoided
37 mph/target centeredCollision avoided
37 mph/target off-center33 mph
43 mph/target centered30 mph
43 mph/target off-center29 mph

Semitrailer

Only warning is tested with the semitrailer.

Test runTimely warning?
31 mph/target centered
37 mph/target centered
43 mph/target centered

About the front crash prevention test

Front crash prevention: pedestrian

Rating applies to all 2024 models

System details

  • standard Toyota Safety Sense 2.0/2.5/2.5+ Pre-Collision System with Pedestrian Detection
Overall evaluation
Includes high-beam assist credit

Crossing child — day

  • In the 12 mph test, this vehicle avoided a collision.
  • In the 25 mph test, impact speed was reduced by 21 mph.

Crossing adult — night

  • In the 12 mph test, this vehicle avoided a collision when using its high beams. When using its low beams, this vehicle avoided a collision.
  • In the 25 mph test, this vehicle avoided a collision when using its high beams. When using its low beams, this vehicle avoided a collision.

Parallel adult — night

  • In the 25 mph test, this vehicle avoided a collision when using its high beams. When using its low beams, this vehicle avoided a collision.
  • In the 37 mph test, this vehicle avoided a collision when using its high beams and a warning was issued 1.8 seconds before impact. When using its low beams, impact speed was reduced by 20 mph and a warning was issued 1 seconds before impact.

About the pedestrian front crash prevention test

Seat belt reminders

Rating applies to 2023-24 models

Overall evaluation
Front row
Unbelted occupant alert (audible & visual)
Initiation time
DurationLong enough (90+ seconds)
Volume
Audio frequency
Second row
Startup status alert (visual)
Initiation time
Duration at least 60 seconds
Belt disengaged alert (audible & visual)
Initiation time
Duration at least 30 seconds
Volume
Audio frequency
Technical measurements for this test
Background cabin sound pressure level at 24 km/h 53 dB
Audible signal sound pressure level at 24 km/h 60 dB
Difference between background and signal 6.5 dB
Background cabin sound pressure level at 40 km/h 55 dB
Audible signal sound pressure level at 40 km/h 63 dB
Difference between background and signal 7.6 dB
Dominant audio frequency 800 Hz

About the seat belt reminder evaluation

Child seat anchors

Rating applies to 2019-24 models

Overall evaluation
+
extra LATCH positions
Vehicle trimLE
Seat type cloth

This vehicle has 2 rear seating positions with complete child seat attachment (LATCH) hardware.

It has 1 additional seating position with a tether anchor and the ability to borrow lower anchors from the other seating positions.

Note: When anchors are borrowed, they aren't available to use in their designated positions.

Overall evaluation
+
extra LATCH positions
Vehicle trimLE
Seat type cloth
1 2 3
GGood
AAcceptable
MMarginal
PPoor
Seating positions that rely on borrowed lower anchors or have only a tether anchor available are not rated.
thether anchor symbol
Tether anchor
lower anchor symbol
Lower anchors
shared lower achors symbol
Lower anchor(s) can be borrowed from adjacent positions(s)
No hardware available

Details by seating position

1
Tether anchor
easy-to-find location
no other hardware could be confused for anchor
Lower anchors
not too deep in seat
not too much force needed to attach
easy to maneuver around anchors
2
Tether anchor
easy-to-find location
no other hardware could be confused for anchor
Lower anchors
Can be borrowed from 1 and 3
3
Tether anchor
easy-to-find location
no other hardware could be confused for anchor
Lower anchors
not too deep in seat
not too much force needed to attach
easy to maneuver around anchors
Technical measurements for this test

Seat position 21

3

Lower anchor A
Open access rated No
Depth (cm) 0-2
Force (lbs) 8
Clearance angle (degrees) 92
Lower anchor B
Open access rated No
Depth (cm) 0-2
Force (lbs) 9
Clearance angle (degrees) 89
Tether anchor
Location Middle seatback
Confusing hardware present Yes
Has contrasting label
within 3 inches of tether anchor		 Yes
Tether anchors can be accessed
while seatback is properly positioned
for use of LATCH		 Not measured

Seat position 22

2

Lower anchor A
Lower latch is shared for this seat position
Lower anchor B
Lower latch is shared for this seat position
Tether anchor
Location Middle seatback
Confusing hardware present Yes
Has contrasting label
within 3 inches of tether anchor		 Yes
Tether anchors can be accessed
while seatback is properly positioned
for use of LATCH		 Not measured

Seat position 23

1

Lower anchor A
Open access rated No
Depth (cm) 0-2
Force (lbs) 8
Clearance angle (degrees) 90
Lower anchor B
Open access rated No
Depth (cm) 0-2
Force (lbs) 8
Clearance angle (degrees) 93
Tether anchor
Location Middle seatback
Confusing hardware present Yes
Has contrasting label
within 3 inches of tether anchor		 Yes
Tether anchors can be accessed
while seatback is properly positioned
for use of LATCH		 Not measured

About the child seat anchor evaluation